“IMO, Thorcon’s highly optimistic project timeline indicating 6 years for a new system design to complete all construction, testing and acquire type approvals is already TOO LATE.”. In particular, China's People's Liberation Army operates somewhat autonomously within Pakistan as an exporter of military material. China still occupies some Indian territory. “I’d suggest that would be the many vested interests, including the fossil fuel and nuclear industries,”. The window to avoid major catastrophes is still open. Some ancillary equipment is from ZiO-Podolsk. When President Joe Biden, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson declared their all-too-awkwardly named AUKUS alliance, most of the media focused on a relatively small (though hardly insignificant) part of the deal: the U.S. sale of nuclear-powered submarines to Australia and that country’s simultaneous cancellation of a 2016 contract … Point 2: Great about clean energy. About 39% of the power will come from thorium (via in situ conversion to U-233, cf two-thirds in AHWR), and burn-up will be 61 GWd/t. Majority public support is for a much more gradual transition.” NPCIL said it represented "a mutual commitment to begin thorough discussions on long-term strategic relationship." Shoulder 29.48. so generation cost seems to be only a minor factor. We’ll just ignore reality in the meantime. A new senior Council of Nuclear Safety (CNS) chaired by the prime minister would oversee and review policies on radiation safety, nuclear safety and other connected matters. BARC has used nuclear techniques to develop 37 genetically-modified crop varieties for commercial cultivation. I’m pretty sure Hansen would disagree that this constitutes an argument against developing and deploying new forms of nuclear power–considering he’s a major proponent of developing and deploying new forms of nuclear power. However, for the longer term, the Atomic Energy Commission envisages some 500 GWe nuclear online by 2060, and has since speculated that the amount might be higher still: 600-700 GWe by 2050, providing half of all electricity. Did I mention nuclear power was also too expensive? Parliament fully supported the announcement. https://thorconpower.com/project/. Creating a lab that can produce mRNA vaccines that can help fight the current pandemic and the next. Also, a First of a Kind (FOAK) – so no doubt being developed cautiously. In November 2015 NPCIL was talking of 14.5 GWe by 2024 as a target. Given the delivery date, there’s a need to extend the life of existing six Collins class submarines, beyond their 2026 existing end of life. With metal fuel, a 500 MWe unit is expected to produce 2 tonnes of reactor-grade plutonium in 8-10 years. Most of us do not have this factual framework to understand this topic. However, with no change to the 2010 Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, GEH in September 2015 said it would not proceed with any investment in India until the country’s liability regime was brought into line with the rest of the world. A new explanation seeks to address it by relating Section 17(b) to ‘actions and matters such as product liability stipulations/conditions or service contracts’ between the operator and the supplier and therefore to be dealt with in the context of such contractual terms. As of 2017, the share of nuclear power in the electricity sector in the country is decreasing following the decision of a complete nuclear phase-out by … It initially comprised Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and The Netherlands at a time when energy security was a prime concern. Plutonium production will be less than in light water reactors, the fissile proportion will be less and the Pu-238 portion three times as high. Per NOAA: “In terms of CO2 equivalents, the atmosphere in 2020 contained 504 ppm, of which 412 is CO2 alone. When President Joe Biden, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson declared their all-too-awkwardly named AUKUS alliance, most of the media focused on a relatively small (though hardly insignificant) part of the deal: the U.S. sale of nuclear-powered submarines to Australia and that country’s simultaneous cancellation of a 2016 contract … It seems to me you are making a whole set of claims without providing a skerrick of verifiable evidence. A total of 15 sterilising facilities, particularly for preserving food, are now operational with more under construction. Two more such 500 MWe fast reactors have been announced for construction at Kalpakkam, but slightly redesigned by the Indira Gandhi Centre to reduce capital cost. The company paid out some US$ 1 billion in compensation – widely considered inadequate.). Australia is the only G20 nation without a nuclear power plant – in a moment of insanity, its Federal Parliament banned nuclear power generation back in 1998. I still wonder if another issue we would STILL need to deal with – is the fact that our economies are predicated on escalation in order to work. The reactor is not under international safeguards. the existing automated shipbuilding industry) is already here and ready to go, whenever they have the module sets ready to upload. Madras needs enhanced flood defences in case of tsunamis higher than that in 2004. But that won’t be cheap enough. In the south of the Basin, the Tummalapalle belt with low-grade strata-bound carbonate uranium mineralisation is 160 km long, and appears increasingly prospective – AMD reports 37,000 tU in 15 km of it and over 100,000 tU overall, extending down dip to 1000 metres. Here are the average market prices, per kilowatt-hour, for wholesale electricity in the eastern states last financial year: Even in the most expensive state — NSW at 6.6 cents per kilowatt-hour — Hinkley Point C’s minimum price is over three times as much. In anticipation of the Atomic Energy Act amendment in 2016, Reliance Power Ltd, GVK Power & Infrastructure Ltd and GMR Energy Ltd were reported to be in discussion with overseas nuclear vendors including Areva, GE Hitachi, Westinghouse and Atomstroyexport. Introducing vehicle fuel efficiency standards or simply promoting electric cars will reduce oil imports and improve energy security. While the U.S. has used nuclear power since 1958, our nuclear power levels have remained the same for three decades. A period when wholesale electricity prices were exceptionally high: Even in the most expensive states during a period of high prices, wholesale electricity prices were still half the minimum cost of electricity from new reactors underway in the UK. This heightened concerns regarding an arms race between them. This can be pushed through public support by saying it will create jobs etc. Germany has to legally phase out nuclear power by 2022. AMD reports further uranium resources in Chattisgarh state (3380 tU), Himachal Pradesh (665 tU), Maharashtra (300 tU), and Uttar Pradesh (750 tU). Except there isn't enough hydro power in Norway to replace France's nuclear production, so looking at the current spot price of a non-scalable resource like hydro doesn't tell you much. Business Secretary Kwasi Kwarteng is to unveil an overarching … I’ll quickly mention and dismiss half a dozen or so: Safety: For a while, I lived 40 km from a nuclear power station that suffered a criticality event while I was there — a major safety breach. The point is AUKUS, the new alliance between the U.S., Britain and Australia, which is rerouting $60 billion of the Australian people from Paris to … And also written by someone who doesn’t invest, South Australian electricity 2006: solar 0%, wind 0%, gas 48%, coal 36%, imports (coal) 17%. @Ronald Brakels. In late 2008 NPCIL announced that as part of the Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12), it would start site work for 12 reactors including the rest of the eight 700 MWe PHWRs, three or four fast breeder reactors and one 300 MWe advanced heavy water reactor (AHWR) in 2009. In April 2007 the government gave approval for the first four of eight planned 700 MWe PHWR units: Kakrapar 3&4 and Rajasthan 7&8, to be built by Hindustan Construction using indigenous technology. The DFMF is to be followed by a commercial plant with 50 times the capacity. The AERB had failed to prepare an overall nuclear radiation safety planning policy as required in 1983, and had failed to set up radiation safety directorates in 35 administrative areas to ensure the safe use of radiation in medical and industrial facilities, as required by a 2001 Supreme Court order. However, in June 2014 it was reported that there was as yet no agreement and that DAE was adamant that the cost could not be more than Rs 6.5/kWh. This reduces their need for uranium by 17%. First build of a demo/test reactor is at least 4 years out. Looking at South Korea, a country better than most at finishing nuclear projects on time, out of 30 reactors, their shortest construction time was four years. https://www.worldnuclearreport.org/World-Nuclear-Industry-Status-Report-2021-773.html. That is, if the assumptions in those projections are valid and do not change, not even with the development of energy options and drawdown technology which we do not currently have. The first full-scale nuclear power station came into operation in the UK in 1956. On shore and off shore winds are a constant all year morning and evening or longer because of the temperature difference of ocean to land mass. IMO, you are having trouble with your comprehension of my thread of comments””. See also: https://www.power-technology.com/comment/global-battery-energy-storage-market/, You stated earlier: “ Wind an solar will never power large economy an infrastructure without large scale global effort on storing power, which is nearly virtually impossible at this point right now.”, If that’s the case, then I’d suggest humanity’s future is very bleak indeed. After much delay in India's parliament, it then set up a new and comprehensive safeguards agreement with the IAEA, plus an Additional Protocol. And in accordance with the laws of technological evolution; if you don’t [like all of we commentators] you run the risk of irrelevance as a commentator and being left out of discussions. However, it is aiming to involve other public sector and private corporations in future … I clearly understand that is your position. (And some of the designs are looking at auxiliary sources of revenue beyond just generating electricity.) “You state: “Our current trajectory puts us at roughly no change in emissions by 2030…” You’ll also start receiving the SolarQuotes weekly newsletter, keeping you up to date on all the latest developments on Australia’s solar scene. The pool would be set up by GIC Re and four other general insurance providers in the public sector (Oriental, New India Assurance, United India and National Insurance). Even coal is subsidized in the US (see last the Economist) The reality is that societies tend to subsidize emerging technologies in general, both good and bad. This reduces their need for uranium by 17%. You are raising the exact objection I anticipated. German nuclear power began with research reactors in the 1950s and 1960s with the first commercial plant coming online in 1969. Those for plants with foreign cooperation are: Kudankulam in Tamil Nadu (VVER); Jaitapur in Maharashtra (EPR); Chhaya Mithi Virdhi in Gujarat (AP1000); Kovvada in Andhra Pradesh (originally ESBWR) and Haripur in West Bengal (VVER), though this location had been in doubt. Wind an solar will never power large economy an infrastructure without large scale global effort on storing power, which is nearly virtually impossible at this point right now. A portable mill is planned for Diggi or Saidpur nearby, using conventional alkaline leaching. Because I’ve only seen the opposite of that. Put down your weapons.3. Natural gas an nuclear are the large sources of energy that we will need to meet demand and is continuing to rise and wind and solar- renewable will not meet it. But that is not the point right now. Work was expected to start in 2013, initially under the auspices of the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR). The NFC undertakes refining and conversion of uranium, which is received as magnesium diuranate (yellowcake) and refined to UO2. Ultimately Turnbull’s French option was a white elephant – very expensive, wasn’t working, and Australia needs protection as Beijing looks towards developing an expanded Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Every other concern — whether it’s safety, waste disposal, decommissioning, insurance, or location — is irrelevant because nuclear energy can’t clear the first and vital hurdle of making economic sense. In Andhra Pradesh and Telengana there are three kinds of uranium mineralisation in the Cuddapah Basin, including unconformity-related deposits in the north of it. It has endorsed a US proposal for a regional five power conference to consider non-proliferation in South Asia. In 1998 a 500 keV accelerator was commissioned at BARC for research on accelerator-driven subcritical systems (ADS) as an option for stage three of the thorium cycle. And towards that end, I think the development of new kinds of nuclear energy would be harmless, and might turn out to be very useful. “we/humanity are already into a negative carbon budget for a safe climate for humanity.”, “That means the Greenland Ice Sheet will completely melt, contributing at least 7 metres of sea level rise, albeit over centuries to millennia timeframe.”. Kurt Cobb posted a comment at Resource Insights on Aug 22 headlined Whatever happened to China’s revolutionary molten salt nuclear reactor program? “Compelling evidence I see indicates nuclear technologies demonstrate they are FAR TOO SLOW to deploy to contribute in any significant way to make the required rapid and deep GHG emissions reductions.”. AMD claims almost 12 million tonnes of monazite which might contain 700,000 tonnes of thorium. Common mills are near Jaduguda (2500 t/day) and Turamdih (3000 t/day, expanding to 4500 t/day). Generation cost is expected to be about Rs 3.9/kWh (5.8 cents/kWh), competitive with coal. Another, more recent approach, centres on the concept of containment, designed to 'cap' the production of fissile material for weapons purposes, which would hopefully be followed by 'roll back'. That’s why Germany, which has been mothballing its nuclear plants in a largely failed decade-long experiment, has the most expensive electricity rates in the world. Professor Johan Rockström said (presumably recorded prior to the original Swedish podcast published 1 Jan 2020, and rebroadcast on the ABC’s Science Show on 29 Aug 2020): “During the next decade, global emissions must be cut by half…”, There is no qualifier specified by Rockström for electricity – ”Global emissions” means total global human-induced GHG emissions. This will take India's ambitious thorium program to stage 2, and set the scene for eventual full utilisation of the country's abundant thorium to fuel reactors. In March 2016 unit 1 was shut down due to a coolant leak, and repairs ran through to May 2019. In April 2010 it was announced that 18 months of negotiations with the USA had resulted in agreement to build two new reprocessing plants to be under IAEA safeguards, likely located near Kalpakkam and near Mumbai – possibly Trombay. In March 2013 cabinet approved construction of units 3&4, and some site preparation began. The Euratom Treaty originally envisaged common EU ownership of nuclear materials. It uses TRISO fuel in tubes and blocks and is designed to operate at 1000°C for long periods giving high burn-up. What was it in China last year, 250GW renewables to 400MW nuclear? A bilateral trade agreement then went to US Congress for final approval, and was signed into law on 8 October 2008. Now Nuclear power stations need an exclusion zone when things go wrong 50 km in radius as we can not provide the same protection as a few military people in the confines of a submarine are given. OECD/IEA Electricity Information 2012 or later NPCIL was hoping to be able to start work by 2012 on at least four new reactors at all four sites designated for imported plants, but this did not happen. https://horizon-magazine.eu/article/i-would-people-panic-top-scientist-unveils-equation-showing-world-climate-emergency.html, “my point is: If coal- and gas-fired electricity generators are still around by the time demonstrably proven “new nuclear designs” are available for large-scale deployment, I’d suggest likely well beyond 2030, then human civilisation is likely already on an inevitable path of catastrophe and collapse.”. The “new age global energy generation imperative” demands a massive and enduring energy science technological solution that:-. A 2012 report costed the losses as $12.6 billion per year. Thus on paper while the nuclear plant is a large up front cost, a 24/7 ‘solar plant’ may in fact have comparable costs. The IAEA board approved this in July 2008, after the agreement had threatened to bring down the Indian government. But nuclear energy can get cheaper. In April it signed an agreement with Atomstroyexport primarily focused on components for the next four VVER reactors at Kudankulam, but extending beyond that to other Russian VVER plants in India and internationally. China's state-owned energy firm is set to be booted out of Britain's £20billion Sizewell C nuclear power project 'within weeks', insiders say. Mahi Banswara in Rajasthan is a new site for 700 MWe PHWRs. Stage 2 uses fast neutron reactors burning the plutonium with the blanket around the core having uranium as well as thorium, so that further plutonium (ideally high-fissile Pu) is produced as well as U-233. Meanwhile, non-hydro renewables are demonstrating again and again they are lower cost, safer, rapidly deployable at large-scale, exponentially increasing in installed capacity and energy delivered, and have recently overtaken global nuclear contributions. Both apply essentially to uranium supply. The design basis flood level is 5.44m, and the turbine hall floor is 8.1m above mean sea level. of the urgent and existential threat of climate change?”. Then in December 2014 another high-level nuclear cooperation agreement was signed with a view to Russia building 20 more reactors plus cooperation in building Russian-designed nuclear power plants in third countries, in uranium mining, production of nuclear fuel, and waste management. For example the possiblity of using high temperature nuclear reactors for both assisting with baseload power production and thermochemical hydrogen production might also be part of the long term energy solution required. In June 2009 NPCIL said it aimed for 60 GWe nuclear by 2032, including 40 GWe of PWR capacity and 7 GWe of new PHWR capacity, all fuelled by imported uranium. I would not be surprised if there was a nuke power announcement within the next 5 years. Found inside – Page 170Do we need nuclear power eight or fourteen years longer than the old nuclear phase-out, or can we do without it? she said. Should we use gas from Russia, or nuclear power from France? Germany currently had nine nuclear power plants, ... What situation does it make worse? “IMO, what’s holding us/humanity back is denial of urgent effective action required to mitigate anthropogenic climate change, deliberate large-scale vested interest propaganda/misinformation, ignorance (inadvertent and wilful), ‘inertia’ and lack of will.”. Indian Railways, with power requirement of 3000 MWe now and rising to 5000 MWe about 2022, also approached NPCIL to set up a joint venture to build two 500 MWe PHWR nuclear plants on railway land or existing nuclear sites for its own power requirements. MDEP was launched in 2006 by the US NRC and France’s ASN with the aim of coordinating national nuclear regulatory reviews of new power reactor designs. If we want to keep people safe then large and sustained cuts to carbon emissions need to happen now. Tarapur 4's criticality came five years after pouring first concrete and seven months ahead of schedule. You state: “Most of the opposition would come from the cost, which would be driven by the very short timeframe. Any additional human-induced GHG emissions from now on makes the task of atmospheric carbon drawdown increasingly more challenging – like the analogy of continuing to pour more water into a bathtub near the point of drowning the occupant, while simultaneously trying to drain it. Shellnhuber. Learn more. Found inside – Page 424... Iran that was to be operating by the mid - 1990s , and sought to buy nuclear power plants from Germany and France . ... This latter effort , which does not seem to have had any success , continued from 1976 until the Shah's fall ... You seem to be of the opinion that we should disregard those recommendations.” They’re can reclaim and use 94.7% of solar panels in Europe. Reprocessing of used fuel was first undertaken at Trombay in 1964. Department of Atomic Energy, Annual Report 2014-15 You don’t say. So Germany is fighting against giving nuclear technology the green label in the EU taxonomy. Most of the new units are expected to be the larger 1200 MWe AES-2006 designs. Firming the grid with energy storage is also fast. We’ll do what we can with the options we have, but there is broad recognition that we need better options…”, Evidence I see indicates there’s broad recognition from many energy scientists and engineers we/humanity already have many affordable, rapidly deployable, reliable, low/zero GHG solutions – see my comments at: https://www.solarquotes.com.au/blog/submarines-nuclear-not-power-stations/#comment-1259256, See also the YouTube video below titled 100% Renewable Energy solar/wind with pumped Hydro with Professor Andrew Blakers of Australia ANU, published Feb 24, duration 1:43:14: the Western LWRs which were originally intended to accelerate new capacity additions, and also two FBRs and one AHWR. “I’d suggest that means we/humanity must rapidly reduce ALL human-induced GHG emissions ASAP.”. Everybody should understand that coal fired generation plants must be phased out progressively over the next 30-40 years, whilst simultaneously maintaining and enhancing “massive power” opportunities for all people, communities, states and nations, to prosper indefinitely, through new era energy intensive technologies waiting to come on stream.
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