HMS P. 31 took part in the Peace River Pageant on 4 April 1919. L'affection qui autant que les liens du sang unissait Philip et son oncle était connue de tous. [24], In July 1939, Mountbatten was granted a patent (UK Number 508,956) for a system for maintaining a warship in a fixed position relative to another ship. [16] He was posted to the battleship HMS Centurion in the Reserve Fleet in 1926 and became Assistant Fleet Wireless and Signals Officer of the Mediterranean Fleet under the command of Admiral Sir Roger Keyes in January 1927. [5] His mother's younger sister was Russian Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. "[55] During his meeting with Jinnah on 5 April 1947,[56] Mountbatten tried to persuade him of a united India, citing the difficult task of dividing the mixed states of Punjab and Bengal, but the Muslim leader was unyielding in his goal of establishing a separate Muslim state called Pakistan. [145] In an address, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Donald Coggan, highlighted his various achievements and his "lifelong devotion to the Royal Navy". L'assassinat de Lord Louis Mountbatten par l'IRA : Rendez-vous avec Mr X du 13 novembre 1999 Cinq mois plus tard, le 15 août 1947, le dernier vice-roi des Indes donnait leur liberté à 300 millions d'Indiens et aux 100 millions de Pakistanais dont le pays était né de la partition de l'Empire britannique des Indes. [33] On 27 October 1941 Mountbatten replaced Roger Keyes as Chief of Combined Operations Headquarters and was promoted to commodore. Smith, Adrian. Born with the title His Serene Highness Prince Louis of Battenburg in the international royal family background, he went on to become Lord Louis Mountbatten. © Copyright Paris Match 2021. Le mari de la Reine est le fils du prince André de Grèce et de la princesse Alice de Battenberg, sæur aînée de Lord Louis. [79], Mountbatten served his final posting at the Admiralty as First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff from April 1955 to July 1959, the position which his father had held some forty years before. Contrairement à son épouse qui repose en mer, Lord Mountbatten sera inhumé près de son château familial de Broadlands. [8], He was appointed executive officer (second-in-command) of the small warship HMS P. 31 on 13 October 1918 and was promoted sub-lieutenant on 15 January 1919. La plus grande victoire de Louis Mountbatten, disaient ses ennemis, est d'avoir marié son neveu à l'héritière du trône. [104], After Edwina died in 1960, Mountbatten was involved in relationships with young women, according to his daughter Patricia, his secretary John Barratt, his valet Bill Evans and William Stadiem, an employee of Madame Claude. [125] Charles dutifully wrote to Amanda's mother (who was also his godmother), Lady Brabourne, about his interest. Tous droits réservés. His advice was not taken. [134] Nicholas (aged 14) and Paul (aged 15) were killed by the blast and the others were seriously injured. [130][132][133], Also aboard the boat were his elder daughter Patricia, Lady Brabourne; her husband Lord Brabourne; their twin sons Nicholas and Timothy Knatchbull; Lord Brabourne's mother Doreen, Dowager Lady Brabourne; and Paul Maxwell, a young crew member from Enniskillen in County Fermanagh. He received US patent 1,993,334 in 1931 for a polo stick. En remerciement, la nation qui venait de s'affranchir de trois siècles et demi de joug colonial fit un geste unique dans l'histoire de la décolonisation : elle offrit à celui qui avait brisé ses chaînes de devenir son premier chef d'Etat. Quelques heures plus tard, la radio annonçait la signature par Hitler et Staline, d'un pacte de non-agression. His paternal grandparents were Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine and Julia, Princess of Battenberg. [27], His duties in this role included inventing new technical aids to assist with opposed landings. Soixante-huit ans plus tard, les yeux bleus qui avaient fait palpiter tant de coeurs féminins brillèrent imperceptiblement. "[42], During his time as Supreme Allied Commander of the Southeast Asia Theatre, his command oversaw the recapture of Burma from the Japanese by General William Slim. De sa naissance à sa mort, l'amiral de la Flotte, Louis, comte de Mountbatten de Birmanie, a si complètement incarné le dernier chapitre de cette histoire que les cinéastes de la B.b.c. From 1955 to 1959, he was First Sea Lord, a position that had been held by his father, Prince Louis of Battenberg, some forty years earlier. "[153] However, Ziegler concludes that Mountbatten's virtues outweighed his defects:[154]. He rejoined Kelly in December 1940, by which time the torpedo damage had been repaired. Celui que Churchill appelait le «fakir à demi-nu » avait pris place dans le bureau de Mountbatten, au rez-de- chaussée de l'immense palais de grès rose du vice-roi des Indes à New Delhi. En mer du Nord, une torpille endommagea un jour la poupe et les chaudières. [3], Mountbatten admitted: "Edwina and I spent all our married lives getting into other people's beds. [13] He transferred to the battlecruiser HMS Repulse in March 1921 and accompanied the Prince of Wales on a Royal tour of India and Japan. In the evening, he was taken to his residence and, two days later, he took the Viceregal Oath. Following the outbreak of the Second World War, Mountbatten commanded the destroyer HMS Kelly and the 5th Destroyer Flotilla and saw considerable action in Norway, the English Channel and the Mediterranean. Elizabeth, follement éprise de Philip, était toute prête, dès son avènement, à se tourner vers le clan Mountbatten, sa nouvelle famille. Lord Mountbatten was famously killed in 1979 when a bomb that was planted by the IRA exploded in a boat he was fishing off the coast of Mullaghmore, Co Sligo. His godparents were Queen Victoria, Nicholas II of Russia (represented by the child's father) and Prince Francis Joseph of Battenberg (represented by Lord Edward Clinton). [86] Ian Jacob, co-author of the 1963 Report on the Central Organisation of Defence that served as the basis of these reforms, described Mountbatten as "universally mistrusted in spite of his great qualities". Son père, Louis de Battenberg, s'était engagé dans la Royal Navy et occupait le poste de Premier Lord de la Mer. He knew the danger involved in coming to this country. [99] In contrast, Andrew Lownie has suggested that it took the intervention of the Queen to dissuade him from plotting against Wilson. [105] Yola Letellier's life story was the inspiration for Colette's novel Gigi. Destination : New Delhi. [7] He was appointed Fleet Wireless Officer to the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1931 and, having been promoted commander on 31 December 1932,[18] was posted to the battleship HMS Resolution. Vous ne vous en sentez pas capable ? [128], Mountbatten usually holidayed at his summer home, Classiebawn Castle, in Mullaghmore, a small seaside village in County Sligo in the north-west of Ireland. In Mountbatten's lifetime (he was killed by an IRA bomb in 1979), the public account of his life rarely veered off the 'national hero' script 'He … Cinq minutes plus tard, c'est l'explosion. [67] He served in this post for six years during which he was able to consolidate the three service departments of the military branch into a single Ministry of Defence. [53], When India and Pakistan attained independence at midnight of 14–15 August 1947, Mountbatten remained in New Delhi for 10 months, serving as the first governor-general of an independent India until June 1948. [27][32], Mountbatten was a favourite of Winston Churchill. La plus grande victoire de Louis Mountbatten, disaient ses ennemis, est d'avoir marié son neveu à l'héritière du trône. La mort d'Edwina laissa Lord Mountbatten dans une tristesse infinie. Speed governors", "In pictures: D-Day inventions: The Flail", "Japan is not invited to Lord Mountbatten's Funeral", "How Vallabhbhai Patel, V P Menon and Mountbatten unified India", "Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh: Honorary Graduates", "Where are they now? In August 1943, Mountbatten became Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia Command and oversaw the recapture of Burma and Singapore from the Japanese by the end of 1945. Un cousin du roi d'Angleterre aimant se parer de superbes uniformes et un vieil Indien qui refusait de cacher sa nudité autrement que par un carré de coton écru ; un Anglais athlétique débordant d'énergie et un petit homme paisible et rabougri ; un chef de guerre et un prophète de la non-violence qui répugnait à l'idée de tuer un moustique ; un aristocrate comblé par la fortune et un vieillard qui avait épousé le dénuement des masses les plus misérables du globe. Tous les jours ou presque, le dernier vice-roi des Indes emmenait ses proches pour une partie de pêche en mer. Mountbatten's instructions were to avoid partition and preserve a united India as a result of the transfer of power but authorised him to adapt to a changing situation in order to get Britain out promptly with minimal reputational damage. [120] He was a long-serving Patron of the Society for Nautical Research (1951–1979). [24] On 29 November 1940 the 5th Flotilla engaged three German destroyers off Lizard Point, Cornwall. [136], The attack triggered outrage and condemnation around the world. » - Paris Match n°1580, 7 septembre 1979. Mountbatten présidait quelque 242 organisations et dirigeait une oeuvre éducative internationale qui rassemblait déjà plusieurs milliers d'enfants de quarante nations différentes. Mountbatten's own account says that he simply wanted the maharaja, Hari Singh, to make up his mind. C'est elle aussi que les terroristes ont visée. Au moins, la bombe des assassins l'aura frappé là où il souhaitait mourir : sur la mer. Mais tandis que s'écoulaient les folles années 30, les Mountbatten s'adonnaient de moins en moins aux mondanités, consacrant l'essentiel de leur temps à alerter leurs amis et les dirigeants de leur pays sur l'imminence d'un conflit qu'ils voyaient se rapprocher inéluctablement. [7] He successfully brought Wishart back to port in Malta and then attended the funeral of King George V in January 1936. One of the earl's twin grandsons, Nicholas, 14, and Paul Maxwell, 15, a … Last Viceroy of India. [2] He wore the original 1841 royal christening gown at the ceremony. [80] He was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 22 October 1956. Mountbatten turned to port to match a German course change. This became evident when Mountbatten had to be reassured that the fission reactions from the Bikini Atoll tests would not spread through the oceans and blow up the planet. Mountbatten concluded that the situation was too volatile to wait even a year before granting independence to India. Ces lettres d'amis ou d'inconnus, de maharajas ou d'anciens officiers, de simples Indiens et même d'ex- serviteurs, témoignaient de la pérennité des liens qui unissaient toujours le dernier vice-roi des Indes aux deux grandes nations dont il avait influencé d'une manière si décisive le destin. [27] Following the Dieppe raid Mountbatten became a controversial figure in Canada, with the Royal Canadian Legion distancing itself from him during his visits there during his later career. [7] Mountbatten survived the deep defence cuts known as the Geddes Axe. [106], The FBI file on Mountbatten, begun after he took on the role of Supreme Allied Commander in Southeast Asia in 1944, contains a claim by American author Elizabeth Wharton Drexel that Mountbatten had "a perversion for young boys". [7] His ship was a new destroyer, which he was to sail to Singapore and exchange for an older ship, HMS Wishart. [21], As commander of Combined Operations, Mountbatten and his staff planned the highly successful Bruneval raid, which gained important information and captured part of a German Würzburg radar installation and one of the machine's technicians on 27 February 1942. FBI files on Prince Charles' uncle Lord Mountbatten, killed by an IRA bomb 40 years ago, describes him as "homosexual with a perversion for young boys." [13] Early in 1921 Royal Navy personnel were used for civil defence duties as serious industrial unrest seemed imminent. [135] Doreen, Dowager Lady Brabourne (aged 83), died from her injuries the following day. [3], Prince Louis was educated at home for the first 10 years of his life; he was then sent to Lockers Park School in Hertfordshire[4] and on to the Royal Naval College, Osborne, in May 1913. [139], His death leaves a gap that can never be filled. Les pêcheurs ramèneront trois corps affreusement mutilés : ceux de Lord Mountbatten, de son petit-fils Nicholas, 14 ans et de Paul Maxwell, un jeune Irlandais 15 ans qui jouait les matelots. C'était le 25 juin 1900. It is understood that subversives have claimed responsibility for the explosion. [176][177], "Louis Mountbatten" redirects here. Cet après-midi du 27 août, quand le « Shadow V » quitte le port, son équipage salue joyeusement quelques hommes du village qui le regardent partir. His elder siblings were Princess Alice of Greece and Denmark (mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh), Princess Louise of Battenberg (later Queen Louise of Sweden), and Prince George of Battenberg (later George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven). Thereafter he served as chief of the Defence Staff until 1965, making him the longest-serving professional head of the British Armed Forces to date. Autour de lui, gravitaient une pléiade d'amis qui ne figuraient jamais dans les chroniques mondaines — des ingénieurs, des savants, des constructeurs d'avions, des mécaniciens. Mountbatten était un officier de la Royal Navy britannique et First Sea Lord de 1954 à 1959. [157] The Mountbatten estate in Singapore and Mountbatten MRT station were named after him. Lord Mountbatten est tué par l’explosion d’une bombe, au large du comté de Sligo, dans le nord-ouest de l'Irlande. «J'étais alors fou amoureux de la Grande-Duchesse Marie, nous avoua-t-il. Il reconquit la Birmanie sur les Japonais, victoire qui lui valut ce titre plus prestigieux que tous les honneurs dus à sa naissance et à sa parenté royale : Lord Mountbatten of Burma. Je me suis baissé pour les ramasser. Indifférent aux critiques, il consacra toute son énergie à ranimer le moral de ses troupes, visita les fronts, fit poursuivre le combat sous les déluges de la mousson birmane, arracha kilo par kilo à ses supérieurs de Londres et de Washington le ravitaillement indispensable à ses soldats. Admiral of the Fleet. [48], His experience in the region and in particular his perceived Labour sympathies at that time led to Clement Attlee advising King George VI to appoint Mountbatten Viceroy of India on 20 February 1947[49][50] charged with overseeing the transition of British India to independence no later than 30 June 1948. Le jour de l'explosion, ils n'étaient que huit sur le bateau. This much had already been confirmed by former cabinet secretary Lord Hunt, who concluded in a secret inquiry conducted in 1996 that "there is absolutely no doubt at all that a few, a very few, malcontents in MI5 ... a lot of them like Peter Wright who were right-wing, malicious and had serious personal grudges – gave vent to these and spread damaging malicious stories about that Labour government. L'homme qui, à 79 ans, a trouvé la mort au large du petit port de Mullaghmore sur la côte nord-ouest de la république d'Irlande, était le personnage le plus brillant du Royaume-Uni. Les assassins le savaient, eux. He was appointed chief of Combined Operations and a member of the Chiefs of Staff Committee in early 1942, and organised the raids on St Nazaire and Dieppe. [62] On one hand, the integration of the princely states can be viewed as one of the positive aspects of his legacy. Après quoi, avec dix-huit volontaires, il réussit à la faire remorquer à bon port. This issue would become a lasting thorn in his legacy and one that is not resolved to this day. L'arrière-petit-fils de la reine Victoria, impératrice des Indes, en sera donc le vingtième et dernier vice-roi. C'est là que nous attendait, un soir de 1972, l'homme dont j'allais, avec Larry Collins, autopsier pendant deux ans la mémoire et les archives pour écrire «Cette nuit la liberté ». ", Coll, Rebecca. For his father, the 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, see, Mountbatten's proposed flag for India, consisting of the flag of the Indian National Congress, Mountbatten's proposed flag for Pakistan, consisting of the flag of the Muslim League, Generations are numbered by their descent from, Ziegler 1986, p. 60 states that he actually joined HMS, Adrian Smith, "Rewriting History? [41], British interpreter Hugh Lunghi recounted an embarrassing episode during the Potsdam Conference when Mountbatten, desiring to receive an invitation to visit the Soviet Union, repeatedly attempted to impress Joseph Stalin with his former connections to the Russian imperial family. [65] The uncertainty of the borders caused Muslims and Hindus to move into the direction where they felt they would get the majority. [108] Lownie also interviewed several young men who claimed to have been in a relationship with Mountbatten. Maxima dans un look bicolore à Rotterdam pour une sortie liée au coronavirus, Letizia réenfile sa veste ethnique Uterqüe mais en réinventant son look, Margrethe a assisté à l’office de Pâques à Aarhus, Marie et Joachim à Paris. [111][112][113] These claims were dismissed by the Historical Institution Abuse (HIA) Inquiry. Les autres victimes partent pour l'hôpital : lord et lady Brabourne sont immédiatement opérés. Jeune enseigne de vaisseau au lendemain de la Première Guerre mondiale, il connut d'abord la monotone existence des bases navales en temps de paix. L'Angleterre ne s'en rendait pas compte et le monde l'ignorait : l'amiral que la bombe des terroristes irlandais a déchiqueté était l’une des grandes figures de notre siècle. [129][130] In 1978, the IRA had allegedly attempted to shoot Mountbatten as he was aboard his boat, but poor weather had prevented the sniper taking his shot. [7] There followed a honeymoon tour of European royal courts and America which included a visit to Niagara Falls (because "all honeymooners went there"). Instead, he worked hard to prepare the Royal Navy for war with characteristic professionalism and thoroughness. [89] He was Governor of the Isle of Wight from 20 July 1965[90] and then the first Lord Lieutenant of the Isle of Wight from 1 April 1974. "Mountbatten goes to the movies: Promoting the heroic myth through cinema. [126], On 27 April 1977, shortly before his 77th birthday, Mountbatten became the first member of the Royal Family to appear on the TV guest show This Is Your Life. [122], Mountbatten's qualification for offering advice to this particular heir to the throne was unique; it was he who had arranged the visit of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth to Dartmouth Royal Naval College on 22 July 1939, taking care to include the young Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret in the invitation, but assigning his nephew, Cadet Prince Philip of Greece, to keep them amused while their parents toured the facility. [93], From 1967 until 1978, Mountbatten was president of the United World Colleges Organisation, then represented by a single college: that of Atlantic College in South Wales. Within days, Philip received a command from his cousin and sovereign, King George II of Greece, to resume his naval career in Britain which, though given without explanation, the young prince obeyed. He was infinitely resourceful, quick in his reactions, always ready to cut his losses and start again.....He was an executor of policy rather than an initiator; but whatever the policy, he espoused it with such energy and enthusiasm, made it so completely his own, that it became identified with him and, in the eyes of the outside world as well as his own, his creation. Thankfully the war is over. Refusant de saborder son navire, Mountbatten évacua la totalité de l'équipage et passa une nuit seul sur l'épave à la dérive. [38], Mountbatten claimed that the lessons learned from the Dieppe Raid were necessary for planning the Normandy invasion on D-Day nearly two years later. Admiral Lord Mountbatten's Efforts to Distance Himself From the 1956 Suez Crisis. .mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}, Among the Indian leaders, Mahatma Gandhi emphatically insisted on maintaining a united India and for a while successfully rallied people to this goal. [57], Given the British government's recommendations to grant independence quickly, Mountbatten concluded that a united India was an unachievable goal and resigned himself to a plan for partition, creating the independent nations of India and Pakistan. avait grogné Churchill. Et il a pris le « style Mountbatten », décontracté et moqueur, pour remplir les lourds devoirs de sa charge. During the Second World War, he was Supreme Allied Commander, South East Asia Command. Leur cible n'a pas été, cette fois, une foule anonyme ou un quelconque rouage de la machine politique anglaise. Hindus and Muslims were thoroughly terrified, and the Muslim movement from the East was balanced by the similar movement of Hindus from the West. Lord Brabourne counselled that the intense scrutiny of the press would be more likely to drive Mountbatten's godson and granddaughter apart than together. Une telle responsabilité ne pouvait être comparée qu'à celle du général Eisenhower sur le théâtre européen : cinq millions d'hommes allaient bientôt combattre sous le commandement de cet officier aux allures de jeune premier. La cible n'est pas choisie par hasard : Lord Louis Mountbatten est en effet apparenté aux grandes dynasties européennes. C'est sur ce modeste bateau que Lord Mountbatten of Burma, amiral de la Flotte britannique, a trouvé la mort. [91], Mountbatten was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society[21] and had received an honorary doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1968. [60] When Mountbatten's timeline offered the prospect of attaining independence soon, sentiments took a different turn. Son dessein accompli, Lord Mountbatten reporta sur l'attendrissant « Plum Pudding », futur Prince de Galles, l'affection qu'il avait pour Philip. Mountbatten had set to sea in his 30 feet long wooden boat 'Shadow V' with his eldest daughter Patricia, later 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (1924-2017), her husband John, 7th Lord Brabourne (1924-2005) and his elderly mother - Doreen "Dodo", The Dowager Lady Brabourne (1896-1979). Il y a 40 ans, Lord Mountbatten, cousin de la reine Elizabeth II et dernier vice-roi des Indes, était tué par une bombe placée sur son bateau par l'IRA... Avec Rétro Match, suivez l’actualité à travers la légende de Paris Match. Un des six chevaux de l'attelage refusant d'avancer, une voix dans la multitude s'écria : « C'est un signe de Dieu, vous devez rester avec nous ». La personnalité de Lord Louis, gaie et non conformiste, l'amusait et, sensible à son expérience, elle en avait fait son conseiller le plus écouté. Yet it also made clear that the plot was in no way official and that any activity centred on a small group of discontented officers. During his meeting with Mountbatten, Gandhi asked Mountbatten to invite Jinnah to form a new central government, but Mountbatten never uttered a word of Gandhi's ideas to Jinnah. Lord Mountbatten en 1959 sur le tournage du film "Le génie du mal". II avait demandé 24 heures de réflexion. [126] Their fathers promptly objected. His coffin was drawn on a gun carriage by 118 Royal Navy ratings. [21] In late 1939 he brought the Duke of Windsor back from exile in France and in early May 1940 Mountbatten led a British convoy in through the fog to evacuate the Allied forces participating in the Namsos Campaign during the Norwegian Campaign. Le même jour, 18 soldats britanniques sont tués en Irlande du Nord par l’IRA, dans l’embuscade de Warrenpoint - la plus meurtrière attaque de tout le conflit. In childhood he visited the Imperial Court of Russia at St Petersburg and became intimate with the Russian Imperial Family, harbouring romantic feelings towards his maternal first cousin Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, whose photograph he kept at his bedside for the rest of his life.[6]. II ne devait jamais renier son goût pour les fêtes et les sorties. They believed that the Labour Party was unable and unwilling to counter these developments and that Wilson was either a Soviet agent or at the very least a Communist sympathiser – claims Wilson strongly denied. Trois mois avant que n'éclate la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Mountbatten recevait le plus beau cadeau de son existence : le commandement d'une flottille de destroyers. L'assassinat de Lord Mountbatten bouleverse le royaume, par sa puissance symbolique. Her answer was supportive, but advised him that she thought her daughter still rather young to be courted. Un peu comme si Ben Bella avait demandé à Charles de Gaulle de devenir le premier président de la République algérienne. The Defence Secretary, Denis Healey, interviewed the forty most senior officials in the Ministry of Defence; only one, Sir Kenneth Strong, a personal friend of Mountbatten, recommended his reappointment. Le bateau saute et se désintègre. Says Lunghi, "The meeting was embarrassing because Stalin was so unimpressed.
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