Sir Charles, P.C., G.C.M.G., K.C.M.G., C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., M.D. Pierre Elliott Trudeau, P.C., Q.C., C.C., F.R.S.C. The Governor General now granted the dissolution of Parliament, triggering a general election. Mackenzie served one term, over two parliaments. Cartoonists in the modern era will sometimes include in their work a caricature of Sir John A. Macdonald (prime minister 1867-73, 1878-91) – even today our most recognizable prime minister – in order to make parallel points with contemporary events. He took office after defeating Prime Minister Tupper in the, Chrétien served for one term, winning three majority governments. For information on earlier leaders of Canada before the country had full democratic self-government see the chart of colonial rulers of Canada. Borden served two consecutive terms, the only prime minister to do so, as a war-time measure. The transition period and the date for the transfer of office are negotiated by the incoming and the outgoing prime ministers. Canada now has a crippling 1.2 trillion dollar debt, which we will never pay off. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Forty-Second Parliament, Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Forty-Third Parliament. [1], The office is not outlined in any of the documents that constitute the written portion of the Constitution of Canada; executive authority is formally vested in the sovereign and exercised on their behalf by the governor general. This article is a list of the prime ministers of Canada by their time in office. ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – MULRONEY, The Right Hon. Stephen Harper/Flickr. Here is an alphabetical list of links to current Government of Canada Departments, Agencies, Crown Corporations, Special Operating Agencies and other related organizations. Thompson served one term of just over two years. Laurent. 1900–1904[53] He was appointed prime minister in the fall of 1873 by the Governor-General, the Earl of Dufferin, after Prime Minister Macdonald resigned over the Pacific Scandal. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Twenty-Sixth Parliament. 1872–1873[34] ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – LAURIER, The Right Hon. [6][7] A prime minister takes office after winning an election, and resigns after losing an election, but the term in office does not match up directly to the term of the Parliament. As of January 2021[update], there are six living former prime ministers of Canada, the oldest being Jean Chretien (born 1934; served 1993–2003). Turner served one short term as prime minister. 1926–1930[25] He was defeated by King, who won a narrow majority government. Louis Stephen, P.C., C.C., Q.C., B.A., LL.L., LL.D., D.C.L. As of January 2021, there are six living former prime ministers of Canada, the oldest being Jean Chretien (born 1934; served 1993–2003). Minister for Women and Gender Equality and Rural Economic Development The Honourable Carla Qualtrough Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion Sir Robert Laird, P.C., G.C.M.G., K.C., D.C.L., LL.D. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Thirty-Seventh Parliament. Bennett in the 1930 general election and resigned as prime minister. Canadian prime ministers do not have a fixed term of office. ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – CHRÉTIEN, The Right Hon. Pierre Elliott, P.C., C.C., C.H., Q.C., M.A., LL.L., LL.D., F.R.S.C. Under this system, Prime Minister Mackenzie King was Canada's longest-serving prime minister, holding office in three non-consecutive terms for a total of twenty-one years and one hundred fifty-four days. Trudeau resumed the leadership of the Liberal Party and defeated Prime Minister Clark in the 1980 election. The prime ministerial term is not tied directly to the term of the House of Commons, which the Constitution sets as a maximum of five years from the most recent general election. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. Sir Charles Tupper, P.C., K.C.M.G., G.C.M.G., C.B. If defeated in the election, the outgoing prime minister stays in office during the transition period, until the new prime minister takes office. A prime minister who holds office in consecutive parliaments is not re-appointed as prime minister for each parliament, but rather serves one continuous term. In the case of Canada, the prime minister can serve until the monarch removes them, they resign, or die. ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – TURNER, The Right Hon. The list starts with Confederation on July 1, 1867, and the first prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. Library and Archives Canada: The Right Honourable A. Kim Campbell - Biography. Liberal Party of Canada (10) Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott, P.C., Q.C., K.C.M.G. Instead, they can stay in office as long as their government has the confidence of a majority in the House of Commons of Canada under the system of responsible government. 1882–1887[36] ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – DIEFENBAKER, The Right Hon. Prime Minister Harper at work in his official working office, located in the Langevin Block building in Ottawa. ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – ABBOTT, The Hon. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. Library and Archives Canada. 1887–1891[37] Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. In 2007, Parliament passed a statute to provide for fixed election dates every four years, but the statute does not affect the Governor General's discretionary power to dissolve Parliament: Jim Sheppard and Matt Lundy, "Trudeau wins majority, Harper steps down,". Susan Munroe. $10 Canadian Dollars - Sir John A. MacDonald, Prime Minister (Canada's First PM) $20 Canadian Dollars - Queen Elizabeth II . Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Third Parliament. Prime minister vs president: what's the difference? Normally, this is the leader of the party caucus with the greatest number of seats in the house. [3], .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Historical conservative parties/Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (12) [3] A prime minister who is selected by the governing party to replace an outgoing prime minister may also serve a short term, if the new prime minister is defeated at the general election. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Thirteenth Parliament. Stephen Harper, P.C. 1997–2000[60] 2001–2003[61], First term: Borden was elected in the 1911 general election, defeating Prime Minister Laurier and forming a majority government. : Ministry, Refs: References, This page was last edited on 24 March 2021, at 21:22. Prime Minister Bowell resigned after a cabinet revolt over his handling of the Manitoba Schools Question. [16] Prime Minister Bowell resigned after a Cabinet revolt.[17]. 6. Joseph Jacques Jean, P.C., C.C., O.M., Q.C., B.A., LL.L., LL.D. All have faces of Prime Ministers except $20 bill . Some sources, including the Parliament of Canada, apply this convention as far back as 1917. If the prime minister's party wins the election, the prime minister remains in office without being sworn in again; the prime minister's tenure of office is continuous. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Tenth Parliament. In those cases, the time before and after the election is counted as one government for the purposes of this table. Authors Bruce Hutchison and Gordon Donaldson both supported the selection of Macdonald, prime minister from 1867 to 1873, and from 1878 to his death in 1891. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Nineteenth Parliament. After consulting with the individual members of caucus, he recommended that Meighen be the new party leader. Meighen resigned as prime minister, but remained as party leader. Sir John Alexander Macdonald: Born 1/10/1815, Glasgow, Scotland. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. He took office after defeating Prime Minister Campbell in the, Harper served for one term, winning two minority governments and one majority government. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Twenty-Eighth Parliament. (12 years, 232 days), 1867–1872[33] Arthur, P.C., Q.C., B.A., LL.D. Richard Bedford, P.C., K.C., K.G.St.J., LL.B. Sir John A. Macdonald was commissioned by the Viscount Monck on 24 May 1867, to form the first government of the Canadian Confederation. He defeated Prime Minister King in the, Pearson served for one term, with two minority governments. [3] However, since 1957, the incoming prime minister has sworn an oath as prime minister. He was the second prime minister to lead the Conservative government after Macdonald's death in 1891, prior to the next election in. 1908–1911[55], 1993–1997[59] Since that was a confidence matter, Clark was forced to call an election. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. For more information on an individual prime minister, including their electoral history and parliamentary roles, click on their name to view their complete profile. The Governor-General, the Earl of Dufferin, appointed Alexander Mackenzie as prime minister. [13], Second term: In the first session of the new parliament it became clear that Clark's government was quickly losing popular support. Officially, the prime minister is appointed by the Governor General of Canada, but by constitutional convention, the prime minister must have the confidence of the elected House of Commons. Charles Joseph Clark, P.C., C.C., A.O.E. Second term: Returned to power after defeating Prime Minister Mackenzie in the election of 1878, Macdonald won four successive majority governments. [74] Borden stayed in office after the end of the war, resigning in 1920. List of Prime Ministers of Canada by time in office, List of prime ministers of Australia by time in office, List of prime ministers of New Zealand by age, List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom by length of tenure. Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien, P.C., Q.C., C.C., O.M. We've listed the key differences between the two, and included a chart for quick reference. Here is a list of all the past and present Prime Ministers of Canada: Prime Ministers of Canada. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Seventeenth Canadian Parliament. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Thirty-Sixth Parliament. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. Sir Mackenzie, P.C., K.C.M.G. He had lost his own seat, but was elected in a by-election and returned to Parliament in January 1922. After Thompson's sudden death in office in late 1894, Bowell was appointed prime minister by the Governor General, the Earl of Aberdeen. ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – MEIGHEN, The Right Hon. "Liberals lose confidence of the House", CBC, November 28, 2005. Sir Wilfrid, P.C., G.C.M.G., K.C., B.C.L., D.C.L., LL.D., Litt.D. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: The Right Hon. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Twenty-Seventh Parliament. But if that leader lacks the support of the majority, the governor general can appoint another leader who has that support or may dissolve parliament and call a new election. Arthur Meighen (1920), Louis St. Laurent (1948), Pierre Trudeau (1968),[18] John Turner (1984), Kim Campbell (1993) and Paul Martin (2003) all succeeded to the office in this way. [77], Second term: During the Conscription Crisis in World War I, Borden, a Conservative, approached Laurier and the Liberals to form a coalition war-time government. ", "PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – Federal Experience – TRUDEAU, The Right Hon. The prime minister originates most of the bills sent to parliament and plays an important role in the leadership of The Canadian Armed Forces. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Eighteenth Parliament. Top row, left to right. [78] He was formally re-appointed as prime minister under the new government. Library of Parliament - Parlinfo: Forty-First Parliament. Beginner’s Guide To Memorizing Any List . [79], First term: When Borden announced his retirement in 1920, the Conservative party caucus asked him to recommend his successor.
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